作为一个即将退休的人，我承认，在我20多岁的时候，我不知道我的未来以及身边人的未来在多大程度上取决于我的养老金储蓄，苏珊·索普教授在对话中写道。 苏珊·索帕教授通过定期储蓄来积累退休所需的财富，这是对个人计划和纪律的巨大考验。 幸运的是，对于大多数澳大利亚工人来说，养老金制度可以有所帮助。 养老金利用税收优惠的胡萝卜，以及强制性和有限的使用权，让我们为退休储蓄。 在工作生涯的早期及时关注自己的超能力，从这种公开授权的财务自律中获得最大收益，是有好处的。 在我职业生涯的大部分时间里，我一直在研究和思考养老金问题。 以下是我希望在工作之初就知道的。 one。 检查你是否真的得到了超优先的报酬，确保你得到了你的会费。 如果你在工作，你的雇主必须将你收入的11%存入你的养老金账户。 到2025年7月，这一比例将提高到12%。 这种强制性付款（“养老金保证”）看起来可能是另一种税，但它是你收入的重要组成部分（你会减薪11%吗？）。 它值得检查，如果没有得到支付，也值得报告。 澳大利亚税务局估计，雇主应该支付的养老金和他们实际支付的养老金之间存在大约5%（或3美元）的差距。 30亿）。 在住宿、餐饮服务、建筑业以及小企业中，拖欠工资的情况更为常见。 不要把你的工资单当成表面价值；交叉检查您的超级账户余额和基金的年度报表。 交叉检查您的超级账户余额和基金的年度报表。 图片：adobestock2。 只有一个超级账户不要通过拥有多个养老金账户向金融部门进行个人捐款。 两个超级账户意味着你捐赠了不必要的管理费，可能是多余的保险费，并且在管理账户时遭受了两倍的混乱。 养老金部门不需要你的慈善。 如果您有多个超级帐户，请今天将它们合并为一个。 你可以相对容易地做到这一点。 three。 要有耐心，并欣赏复利的力量如果你现在还年轻，退休可能会觉得是一个非常遥远的问题，直到以后才值得担心。 但几十年后，你可能会欣赏养老金的运作方式。 作为一个即将退休的人，我承认，在我20多岁的时候，我不知道我和身边人的未来在多大程度上取决于我的养老金储蓄。 现在我明白了！研究表明，对一些人来说，阻止我们提前提取养老金的严格规定无疑会使他们无法将钱花在真正需要的东西上。 然而，对许多人来说，这阻止了他们在回想起来不那么重要的事情上的支出。 但我们在30多岁时贡献的每一美元价值大约是50多岁时的三倍。 这是因为时间和复利的优势（这不仅是你最初投资的钱的利息，也是利息的利息；这是你“利息的利息”）。 对一些人来说，增加额外的“自愿”储蓄可以积累退休储蓄，作为我们大多数人在某个阶段经历的失业、残疾或护理假时期的缓冲。 four。 如果你正在积累养老金储蓄，请计算你的幸福，试着记住你是幸运儿之一。 super的好处不适用于那些工作不多（或根本不工作）的人。 他们面临着对公共安全网的更不稳定的依赖，比如养老金。 因此，要保持你的收入能力，如果你休息的话，要特别注意保持就业能力。 更重要的是，养老金储蓄是由（通常）技术娴熟的专业人士投资的，其回报率是个人投资者在体制外难以实现的。 许多规模较大的养老基金为会员提供散户投资者无法获得的投资类型，如基础设施项目和大宗商品。 澳大利亚审慎监管局（apra）也对大型基金的投资策略和业绩进行检查。 five。 艰难的决定就在前方，真正艰巨的工作就在前方。 对大多数工人来说，养老金的储蓄或“积累”阶段主要是自动的。 即使是一系列的不决策（违约）通常也会取得令人满意的结果。 一点聪明的活动会做得更好。 然而，在退休后，我们面临着一个挑战，即在不确定的剩余年份内，使积累的财富满足我们的需求。 我们还面临着可变的投资回报，可能需要老年护理，在许多情况下，认知能力下降。 把你早期对养老金的想法框定为在以后生活中支持这几十年关键消费的一种手段是有帮助的。 在任何年龄，当我们回顾我们的财务管理，思考我们希望过去知道的事情时，我们都应该现实。 细心认真的人仍然会犯错、拖延和倒霉。 所以，如果你的超级英雄现在还没有达到你的预期，不要为此而自责。 苏珊·索普是悉尼大学商学院的金融学教授。 这篇文章最初出现在对话中。 声明usan thorp是unisuper的成员。 她通过arc链接赠款获得并已获得澳大利亚研究委员会、澳大利亚证券和投资委员会、美国蒂亚研究所以及联合国大学和美国中央银行养老金基金的研究资助。 thorp之前是uts的金融和养老金教授，该职位的部分资金来自悉尼金融论坛（殖民地第一州全球资产管理）、新南威尔士州政府、澳大利亚养老金基金协会（asfa）、行业养老金网络（is）和保罗·伍利资本市场功能失调研究中心。 她是arc人口老龄化研究卓越中心（cepar）的副研究员，也是经合组织国际金融教育网络研究委员会、墨尔本mercer全球养老金指数指导委员会、澳大利亚证券和投资委员会（asic）咨询委员会、新学院董事会和澳大利亚超级消费者研究委员会的成员，该委员会是一个面向澳大利亚养老金计划参与者的非营利倡导组织。as a person closing in on retirement, i admit i had no idea in my 20s how much my future, and the futures of those close to me, would depend on my superannuation savings, writes professor susan thorp for the conversation.professor susan thorpamassing the wealth needed to support retirement by regular saving is a monumental test of personal planning and discipline. fortunately for most australian workers, the superannuation system can help.superannuation uses the carrot of tax incentives, and the sticks of compulsion and limited access, to make us save for retirement.there are benefits to paying timely attention to your super early in your working life to get the most from this publicly mandated form of financial self-discipline.i’ve been researching and thinking about superannuation for most of my career. here’s what i wish i knew at the beginning of my working life.1. check you’re actually getting paid superfirst, make sure you are getting your dues.if you are working, your employer must contribute 11% of your earnings into your superannuation account. by july 2025 the rate will increase to 12%.this mandatory payment (the “superannuation guarantee”) may look like yet another tax but it is an important part of your earnings (would you take an 11% pay cut?).it is worth checking on, and worth reporting if it is not being paid.the australian tax office estimates there is a gap between the superannuation employers should pay and what they do pay of around 5% (or $a3.3 billion) every year.failing to pay is more common among the accommodation, food service and construction industries, as well as small businesses.don’t take your payslip at face value; cross-check your super account balance and the annual statement from your fund.cross-check your super account balance and the annual statement from your fund. pictures: adobe stock2. have just one super accountdon’t make personal donations to the finance sector by having more than one superannuation account.two super accounts mean you are donating unnecessary administration fees, possibly redundant insurance premiums and suffering two times the confusion to manage your accounts.the superannuation sector does not need your charity. if you have more than one super account, please consolidate them into just one today. you can do that relatively easily.3. be patient, and appreciate the power of compound interestif you’re young now, retirement may feel a very distant problem not worth worrying about until later. but in a few decades you’re probably going to appreciate the way superannuation works.as a person closing in on retirement, i admit i had no idea in my 20s how much my future, and the futures of those close to me, would depend on my superannuation savings.now i get it! research shows the strict rules preventing us from withdrawing superannuation earlier are definitely costly to some people in preventing them from spending on things they really need. for many, however, it stops them spending on things that, in retrospect, they would rate as less important.but each dollar we contribute in our 30s is worth around three times the dollars we contribute in our 50s. this is because of the advantages of time and compound interest (which is where you earn interest not just on the money initially invested, but on the interest as well; it’s where you earn “interest on your interest”).for some, adding extra “voluntary” savings can build up retirement savings as a buffer against the periods of unemployment, disability or carer’s leave that most of us experience at some stage.4. count your blessingsif you are building superannuation savings, try to remember you’re among the lucky ones.the benefits of super aren’t available to those who can’t work much (or at all). they face a more precarious reliance on public safety nets, like the age pension.so aim to maintain your earning capacity, and pay particular attention to staying employable if you take breaks from work.what’s more, superannuation savings are invested by (usually) skilled professionals at rates of return hard for individual investors to achieve outside the system.many larger superannuation funds offer members types of investments – such as infrastructure projects and commodities – that retail investors can’t access.the australian prudential regulation authority (apra) also checks on large funds’ investment strategies and performance.5. tough decisions lie aheadthe really hard work is ahead of you. the saving or “accumulation” phase of superannuation is mainly automatic for most workers. even a series of non-decisions (defaults) will usually achieve a satisfactory outcome. a little intelligent activity will do even better.however, at retirement we face the challenge of making that accumulated wealth cover our needs and wants over an uncertain number of remaining years. we also face variable returns on investments, a likely need for aged care and, in many cases, declining cognitive capacity.it’s helpful to frame your early thinking about superannuation as a means to support these critical decades of consumption in later life.at any age, when we review our financial management and think about what we wish we had known in the past, we should be realistic. careful and conscientious people still make mistakes, procrastinate and suffer from bad luck. so if your super isn’t where you had hoped it would be by now, don’t beat yourself up about it.susan thorp is a professor of finance at the university of sydney business school. this article originally appeared in the conversation.declarationsusan thorp is a member of unisuper. she receives and has received research funding from the australian research council, the australian securities and investments commission, the tiaa institute (usa), and unisuper and cbus superannuation funds via arc linkage grants. thorp was previously professor of finance and superannuation at uts, a position that was partly funded by sydney financial forum (colonial first state global asset management), the nsw government, the association of superannuation funds of australia (asfa), the industry superannuation network (isn), and the paul woolley centre for the study of capital market dysfunctionality, uts. she is an associate investigator for the arc centre of excellence in population ageing research (cepar), a member of the oecd-international network on financial education research committee, the steering committee of the melbourne-mercer global pensions index, the australian securities and investments commission (asic) consultative committee, the board of new college (unsw) and the research committee of super consumers australia, a not-for-profit advocacy organisation for australian pension plan participants.亲，点击此处在线申请留学咨询服务和报名评估！我们将竭诚提供最佳评估服务！
