随着学校和夏季体育运动的恢复，悉尼大学的一项新研究发现，孩子们长期参加体育运动与学习成绩的提高之间存在联系，包括对naplan成绩、旷课和上大学的可能性的影响。 在《体育活动与健康》杂志上发表的第一项此类长期研究中，研究人员对4000多名4岁至13岁的澳大利亚儿童的体育参与情况进行了跟踪调查。 然后，他们将其与21岁之前的学术轨迹相匹配。 总的来说，他们发现，在校期间持续参加体育运动与旷课率较低、注意力和记忆力较好、naplan和期末成绩较高以及上大学的几率较高有关。 主要作者katherine owen博士说，许多因素会影响青少年运动参与度的下降，但这项研究表明，找到让年轻人保持活跃和参与的方法很重要。 “我们非常清楚教育程度与健康状况改善之间的联系。 这项研究表明，将体育运动作为学校的优先事项可能是影响这一点的一种方式。 “为了实现这一目标，我们还需要看到体育运动的适应，变得更加灵活和包容，让更多的孩子以他们想要的方式打球，无论是出于娱乐还是出于社会原因。 “团队运动和个人运动之间的差异”作者写道，虽然运动和学习成绩之间的有益联系可能是由于持续的体育活动，但该研究还强调了参与个人运动（如游泳或跑步）与团队运动之间的区别。 参加团队运动的人在注意力和工作记忆测试中表现更好，未经允许缺席的天数更少，更有可能获得hsc或同等成绩。 欧文博士说：“这与其他研究一致，这些研究表明团队运动可以培养儿童和青少年重要的社交和心理技能。”。 “它提供了合作的机会，这通常会培养归属感。 毫不奇怪，这些孩子的旷课率较低，这也与学业完成有关。 “与那些没有参加任何运动的人相比，那些持续参加个人运动的人有更高的naplan识字成绩和更高的学业成绩（atar）。 “我们怀疑这可能是因为个人运动倾向于鼓励责任感、自力更生、设定目标和更高水平的准备。 在心理层面上，这些技能中的许多也会影响到学校考试的准备工作。”欧文博士说。 研究还表明，继续参加体育运动有利于处于社会经济劣势的儿童的学习成绩。 然而，这些孩子不太可能继续参加体育运动。 早期研究、研究方法和限制新研究的结果与欧文博士在2022年领导的早期系统综述一致。 该综述分析了115项国际研究（主要来自美国），共有100多万学生，发现参与体育运动与学习成绩之间存在积极联系。 这项新研究使用了澳大利亚儿童纵向研究（lsac）的数据，包括来自澳大利亚各地的具有全国代表性的儿童样本。 运动参与度是从父母和看护人的调查中自我报告的，这些调查确定了孩子是否每12个月定期参加一次运动，以及是基于个人还是团队。 体育法规，以及体育运动是在学校内还是在其他地方进行，都没有被访问。 一系列认知测试和正常学校教育的结果（例如naplan、hsc、atar）被用来记录学习成绩。 研究人员表示，虽然这一群体是随机选择的，并对私立学校的出勤率和以前的学业成绩等因素进行了调整，但他们不能声称体育参与是学业成绩提高的直接原因。 他们指出，一些重要的变量，如心理健康数据，是不可用的，这可以部分解释这种联系。 也可能是因为继续参加体育运动的孩子具有内在的个性特征和动机，也会导致他们获得更高的教育程度。 “还有很多我们不知道。 这也包括不同类型运动的作用，以及运动参与的频率和强度对学业成绩的影响。”欧文博士说。 “正在进行的研究对于充实这一点非常重要，并帮助我们了解如何调整教育环境，以促进和促进体育参与，从而提高年轻人的体育活动水平、健康和教育成功率。 “声明：作者没有资金或竞争利益需要声明。as school and summer sports resume, a new study from the university of sydney finds links between kids long-term participation in sport and increased academic performance, including impacts on naplan scores, absenteeism and likelihood to attend university.in the first long-term study of its kind, published in the journal of physical activity and health, the researchers followed the sports participation of over 4000 australian children from age 4 to 13. they then matched this with academic trajectory up to 21 years-of-age.overall, they found that continued sports participation during school years was linked to lower absenteeism, better attention and memory, higher naplan and end-of-school scores, and higher odds of studying at university.lead author dr katherine owen said many factors influence a decline in sports participation during adolescence, but this study showed the importance of finding ways to keep young people active and engaged.“we know all too well the link between educational attainment and improved health status. this study suggests that making sport more of a priority in school could be one way to influence this,” said dr owen from the university’s charles perkins centre and school of public health.“to achieve that we also need to see sports adapt and become more flexible and inclusive to allow more children to play the way that they want to, whether its just for fun or for social reasons.”differences between team and individual sportthe authors write that while the beneficial link between sport and academic performance is likely due to sustained physical activity, the study also highlights differences between those involved in individual sports (such as swimming or running) versus team sport.those in team sports had better performance on attention and working memory tests, fewer absent days without permission and were more likely to be awarded the hsc or equivalent.“this is in line with other research that shows team sports develop important social and mental skills in children and teens,” dr owen said. “it provides opportunities to work together, which often fosters a sense of belonging. unsurprisingly, these kids show lower absenteeism, which is also linked to school completion.”in comparison to those who did not participate in any sport, those with ongoing participation in individual sports had higher naplan literacy results and higher academic performance on end-of-school scores (atar).“we suspect this may be because individual sports tend to encourage responsibility, self-reliance, goal setting and a higher level of preparation. on a psychological level, many of these skills also carry over into preparation for school exams,” dr owen said.the study also showed that continued sports participation was beneficial for academic performance for socioeconomically disadvantaged children. however, these children were less likely to continue involvement in sport.earlier research, study method and limitationsthe results of the new study are in line with an earlier systematic review led by dr owen in 2022. the review analysed 115 international studies (predominately from the united states) totalling more than one million students and found a positive link between participation in sport and academic performance.the new study used data from the longitudinal study of australian children (lsac) and included a nationally representative sample of children from throughout australia.sports participation was self-reported from parent and carer surveys that identified if children regularly participated in sport for each 12 months, as well as whether it was individual or team-based. sporting codes, and whether sport took place within school or elsewhere, were not accessed. a series of cognitive tests and normal schooling results (for example naplan, hsc, atar) were used to record academic achievement.while the cohort was selected at random, and adjustments were made for factors like private school attendance and previous academic success, the researchers say they cannot claim that sports participation is the direct cause of increased academic success. they note that some important variables, like mental health data, were not available and that could partially explain the link. it may also be that children who continue to play sport have inherent personality characteristics and motivations that also lead to higher educational attainment.“there is still much that we don’t know. this also includes the role of different types of sport, and the influence of frequency and intensity of sport participation on academic results,” dr owen said.“ongoing studies will be important to flesh this out and to help us understand how we can tailor educational environments to foster and promote sports participation in a way that might improve young people’s physical activity levels, health and educational success.”declaration: the authors have no funding or competing interests to declare.本文来源： 在校期间坚持运动与学业成功相关
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