“调查显示，学生和访客在进入校园的前五到十分钟内会留下自己的印象，而这些印象会持续下去，”埃默里大学的外部服务主管、设施管理团队成员吉米·鲍威尔说。 “我们告诉我们的员工，当他们看到学生来访时，他们不会去上课或回宿舍。 他们要去停车，看看场地，可能还需要上厕所。 因此，如果这是一次愉快的经历，他们会给人留下好印象。 如果在停车场开始时压力很大，那就很难恢复。 “正是这一焦点的磨砺推动了道曼大道和埃默里大学亚特兰大校区主入口在20世纪90年代末和21世纪初的重新设计，这种重新设计最终在亚特兰大校区生根发芽。 “当你进入校园时，你基本上进入了一个停车场，”大学景观设计师詹姆斯·约翰逊解释道。 埃默里村环岛建成后，社区和大学都希望创建一个更正式的入口。 约翰逊说：“重新设计可能是我最喜欢的项目，因为它真正改变了游客第一次看到校园的方式。”。 “这也是鲍威尔的一个顶级项目。 他说：“20世纪90年代末至21世纪初的‘开放空间’项目将校园从停车和交通的城市丛林转变为校园中心更宜人的步行环境。”。 学生和游客今天所享受的环境是代表规划、设计和施工办公室（pdc）团队的多个开放空间项目和创造力的结晶。 每一个设计项目都是一个集体的努力。大学建筑师、项目规划和设计高级总监robin lackey帮助指导emory的规划和设计工作。 lackeys团队包括johnson，以及许多其他专业设计人员，包括校园规划师、空间规划师、室内设计师和环境平面设计师。 pdc的项目包罗万象。 而该团队管理着像新r这样的大型项目的设计和施工。 randallrollins大楼，他们还管理着数十项更大规模的内部装修和数百个较小规模的项目，比如为一间办公室配备设备或为校园周围的几个地方创建新的标志。 大型项目跨越多年，有时甚至在实际破土动工之前，但秋季是小型项目设计的繁忙季节，因为春季会带来夏季施工的许可申请。 无论项目规模如何，pdc都是一个每天都在学习新事物的团队。 lackey说：“我们办公室的每个人都有高度的专业知识，但设计和施工工作的本质是，每个项目都有10亿个小部件。”。 “所以你可能会学到一些你从未遇到过的混凝土强度，或者一个你以前从未使用过的程序。 “建设一个经得起时间考验的校园，当拉基于2016年加入埃默里时，可持续性和无障碍性已经是首要任务。 她所看到的最大变化是所使用的可持续性指标。 2016年，行业标准是eui，或能源使用强度，这是一种你想尽可能低的数字计算。 现在，重点已经扩大到包括碳减排，这是一种更全面的方法。 对于每个项目，pdc都会考虑建筑和现场要求，以及材料的制造商、材料的运输方式等。 除了在校园里建造什么，团队还考虑种植什么。 一个学生走过纪念门。 约翰逊是该大学1999年制定的森林覆盖率无净损失政策的幕后推手。 从一开始，这项政策就演变成了争取净树冠增益。 约翰逊加入埃默里大学时，校园遵守德卡尔布县的分区法，该法对树木更换的措辞不那么严格。 在大学领导层的敦促下，pdc团队的任务是制定一项无净损失政策，约翰逊研究并编写了指导方针。 约翰逊说：“对我来说，这是一个值得骄傲的时刻，尽管现在emory位于亚特兰大市，该市的法规要严格得多。”。 “我们严格遵循这一原则，最终种植的树木比典型项目要多。 “以2006年的树冠面积为基准，净收益的目标远远领先于2024年秋季即将进行的调查。 实现净收益的部分工作需要清除威胁本地植物的入侵物种。 校园服务fm场地部负责管理校园内的入侵物种清除活动，在过去25年里，已经从校园里清除了数英亩的英国常春藤、女贞树、紫藤、葛藤和其他物种。 鲍威尔说：“我们永远不会完全消除它，但我们努力将其保持在可接受的水平。”。 “直到今天，你会看到大树，也会看到年轻的小树，但你不会看到很多中等大小的树。 那是因为它们被入侵物种窒息而死。 “除了清除这些物种外，powell还参与了在平静之家启动有机草坪计划，禁止使用新烟碱类杀虫剂，这些杀虫剂会进入植物的液体，然后转移给传粉昆虫，尽可能用本地植物和树木取代草坪，保水以及限制使用杀虫剂和除草剂，以及其他努力。 尽管有时进展缓慢，但这些努力为每个人带来了一个更美丽的校园。 在景观与教育相结合的地方，当思考“教育”时，教室往往是脑海中浮现的图像。 对于那些不追求与环境直接相关的职业的学生来说，对舒适、无障碍的户外空间的需求似乎是一种奖励，而不是必需品。 但鲍威尔表示，当新冠肺炎疫情使情况发生变化时，校园内的户外空间比以往任何时候都得到了更多的利用。 他笑着说：“这有点像每个人突然发现了户外，都想去户外。”。 “校园也变得更容易在室外使用无线网络，这有助于。 “有一间教室从一开始就在室外，没有无线网络：校园里的研究温室和教育花园，这两间教室都由erik edwards管理。 虽然温室不对外开放，但它是用来种植植物进行研究的。 这些植物有时用于生物学课程，主要用于环境健康和药理学研究。 一个取悦大众的人？帝王蝶。 edwards与samuelc密切合作。 多布斯大学生物学系教授jaapderoode，研究一种需要饲养蝴蝶和乳草来喂养它们的寄生虫与宿主的相互作用。 爱德华估计，他每年种植7000-10000株乳草，以喂养那些变成成年帝王蝶的毛虫。 然而，教育花园对所有学生开放。 一些志愿者在埃默里大学期间每周都来，而另一些志愿者则每学期来两三次。 收获也是共享的。 每次轮班后，志愿者可以把任何成熟的农产品带回家。 爱德华解释说，在花园里帮忙并不需要严格的时间表和要求。 “如果你那周做一个小时的志愿者，你就可以从花园里得到你想要的东西。 “剩下的任何农产品都是捐赠的，今年的主要接受者是位于北迪凯特长老会教堂前、北迪凯特路和斯科特大道拐角处的免费冰箱。 美化埃默里医院塔楼的屋顶花园。 爱德华说：“我努力让每个人都到外面去，把手伸进泥土里，并提供如何种植家庭花园的基本知识。”。 如果你能每隔几周来这里一次，当你走出家门，有了自己的空间，你就会意识到你可以拥有自己的花园，而且不会像人们说的那样花费太多精力或金钱。 “它还为学生提供了一个批判性思考食品来源和环境影响的机会。 爱德华说：“食物中最大的碳足迹来自运输。”。 “没有什么比把它从花园里拿出来送到厨房更能减少配送和运输了。 “就像花园经历季节的变化一样，走狗也看到同样的事情发生在室内空间。 拉基说：“几年来，我们谁也不知道疫情后的世界将如何摆脱。”。 虽然学术空间不需要太多改变，但办公室和行政工作空间需要。 “通过混合工作，我们真的开始评估如何提高我们现有建筑的利用率，这样我们就有望腾出emory任务其他区域的其他空间。 “毕竟，”拉奇说，“最可持续的建筑是你从未建造过的。 “一份感觉像家常菜的工作指出，建筑物之间的空间和建筑物内的空间一样重要，她称之为大学校园的神奇之处。 “我最喜欢的一些空间在建筑上并不是最独特的，”她说，“但当它们在我们的社区里时，它们真的很有活力。”。 例如，在期末考试周走进图书馆，你会看到人们挤在一起学习，看到这个空间以一种非常独特的教育方式变得生动起来，真是令人惊叹。 “道曼大道的前一个入口。 当谈到通过教育花园美化校园时，爱德华也表达了类似的观点。 “就花园或景观床而言，它不会是传统意义上的美丽。 但它增加了一种家居美感，”他说。 “它提供了很多好的传粉昆虫，为整个校园增添了美丽，也为蔬菜增添了色彩。 “鲍威尔喜欢带领一支敬业奉献的员工，也喜欢在毕业典礼期间与许多快乐的学生和家庭互动。 尽管每年都要为这项活动付出大量的工作，但工作人员在这一庆祝日仍有独特的优势。 对约翰逊来说，这一切都是为了数戒指。 “我最喜欢的部分是能够尽可能多地走出校园，在校园里走动。 看到一棵我认识的20年前种的树，它长得有多大，以及它所产生的影响。 ”。“surveys say that students and visitors make their impressions in the first five to ten minutes they’re on a campus, and those impressions last,” says jimmy powell, emory’s director of exterior services, part of the facilities management team. “we tell our staff that when they see student visitors, they’re not going to class or back to their dorm. they’re going to park, see the grounds and probably use the bathroom. so if that’s a pleasant experience, they’ll leave with a good impression. if it starts out stressful in the parking deck, that’s hard to come back from.” this honed-in focus is what drove the redesign of dowman drive and the main entrance to emory’s atlanta campus in the late 1990s and early 2000s and that redesign eventually took root throughout the atlanta campus. “as you entered campus, you basically entered a parking lot,” explains james johnson, university landscape architect. once the emory village roundabout was completed, there was a desire from both the community and the university to create a more formal entry. “that redesign has probably been my favorite project,” johnson says, “because it truly changes how a visitor sees the campus for the first time.” it’s also a top project for powell. “the ‘open space’ projects of the late 1990s through the early 2000s transformed the campus from an urban jungle of parking and traffic to a more pleasant pedestrian environment in the central part of campus,” he says. the environment students and visitors enjoy today is the culmination of multiple open space projects and creativity on behalf of the office of planning, design and construction (pdc) team. every design project is a group effortrobin lackey, university architect and senior director of project planning and design helps to guide emory’s planning and design efforts. lackeys team includes johnson, along with numerous other professional design staff, including campus planners, space planners, interior designers, and environmental graphic designers. pdc’s projects run the gamut. while the team manages the design and construction of massive endeavors like the new r. randall rollins building, they are also managing dozens of larger-scale interior renovations and hundreds of smaller-scale projects, like outfitting a single office or creating new signage for a few spots around campus. large projects span multiple years sometimes even before any actual ground is broken but fall is the busy season for smaller projects’ design because spring brings permit applications for summer construction. and no matter the project size, pdc is a team that learns new things every day. “everyone in our office has a high degree of expertise, but the nature of design and construction work is there are a billion tiny pieces that come together on every single project,” says lackey. “so you might learn something about a strength of concrete you’ve never encountered, or a program you’ve never worked with before.” building a campus to withstand the test of timewhen lackey joined emory in 2016, sustainability and accessibility were already top priorities. the biggest change she’s seen has been in the sustainability metrics used. in 2016, the industry standard was eui, or energy use intensity a numerical calculation that you wanted to push as low as possible. now, the focus has broadened to include carbon reduction, a more comprehensive approach. for each project, pdc considers the building and site requirements as well as the manufacturer of materials, how materials are transported and more. beyond what’s being built on campus, the team also considers what’s being planted. a student walks through emory gate.johnson is the writer behind the university’s no net loss of forest canopy policy, established in 1999. since its inception, the policy has morphed into striving for net canopy gain. when johnson joined emory, campus adhered to the dekalb county zoning code, which had less stringent language around tree replacement. at the urging of university leadership, the pdc team was tasked with creating a no net loss policy, and johnson researched and wrote the guidelines. “it’s a proud moment for me, even though we don’t use it as much now that emory is within the city of atlanta, which has a much more stringent code,” johnson says. “we follow it to the letter and end up planting more trees than a typical project would.” using tree canopy acreage from 2006 as a benchmark, the goal of net gain is well ahead of the upcoming survey in fall 2024. part of working toward net gain requires removing invasive species that threaten native plants. the campus services fm grounds department manages the invasive species removal initiatives on campus and has eliminated acres upon acres of english ivy, chinese privet, wisteria, kudzu and other species from campus over the last 25 years. “we’ll never eliminate all of it, but we try to keep it at an acceptable level,” says powell. “to this day, you’ll see big trees and you’ll see small, younger trees, but you won’t see many medium trees. that’s because they were choked out by invasive species.” in addition to the removal of those species, powell has been involved with starting the organic turf program on lullwater house, banning the use of neonicotinoid pesticides which get into the fluid of plants and are then transferred to pollinators replacing turf with native plants and trees whenever possible, water conservation and limited use of pesticides and herbicides, among other efforts. although slow-going at times, these efforts have resulted in a more beautiful campus for everyone.where landscaping meets education when thinking of “education,” classrooms are often the image that springs to mind. and for students who aren’t pursuing a career directly related to the environment, the need for pleasant, accessible outdoor spaces may seem like a bonus rather than a necessity.but when the covid-19 pandemic shook things up, powell says outdoor spaces across campus were being used more than ever. “it’s kind of like everyone discovered the outdoors all of a sudden and wanted to be outside,” he laughs. “and campus became more wifi accessible outside, too, which helps.” one classroom has been outside and wifi-free from the very beginning: the research greenhouse on campus and the educational gardens, both of which are managed by erik edwards. while the greenhouse isn’t open for classes, it’s used to grow plants for research. sometimes used in biology classes, the plants are primarily leveraged in research for environmental health and pharmacology. one crowd pleaser? monarch butterflies. edwards works closely with samuel c. dobbs professor jaap de roode in the department of biology, researching a parasite-host interaction that requires the rearing of butterflies and milkweed to feed them. edwards estimates that he grows 7,000-10,000 milkweed plants each year to feed the caterpillars that turn into adult monarch butterflies. the educational gardens, however, are open to all students. some volunteers come every week during their years at emory, while others come two or three times a semester. and the harvest is shared, too. after each shift, volunteers can bring home any of the ripe produce. edwards explains that helping in the gardens doesn’t involve a strict schedule with requirements. “if you volunteer for an hour that week, you take what you want out of the garden.” any produce that’s left over is donated, with this year’s main recipient being the free fridge located in front of north decatur presbyterian church, at the corner of north decatur road and scotts boulevard. landscaping the rooftop garden at emory hospital tower.“i work to get everyone outside and get their hands in the dirt,” edwards says, “and to provide basic knowledge on how to grow a home garden. if you’re able to come here every few weeks, when you get out and you’ve got your own space, you realize you can have your own garden and it doesn’t cost as much as people say, in effort or money.” it also provides an opportunity for students to think critically about food sourcing and environmental impacts. “the largest carbon footprint in your food is from the shipping,” edwards says. “there’s nothing that involves less distribution and shipping than pulling it from your garden and taking it into your kitchen.” just as a garden undergoes seasons of change, lackey is seeing the same thing happen to indoor spaces. “none of us really knew for a few years how the post-pandemic world would shake out,” says lackey. while the academic space doesn’t require much change, offices and administrative workspaces do. “with hybrid work, we’re really starting to evaluate how we can increase our utilization of buildings we already have so that we can hopefully free up other spaces of other areas of the emory mission. “after all,” lackey says, “the most sustainable building is the one you never built.”a job that feels like homelackey points out that the spaces between buildings matter just as much as the spaces within those buildings she calls it the magical thing about a university campus. “some of my favorite spaces aren’t the most architecturally unique,” she says, “but they really come alive when they’re by our community. for example, go into the libraries during finals week and you’ll see people huddled together studying, and to see that space come alive in a very unique, educational way is amazing.” the previous entrance to dowman drive.edwards echoed a similar sentiment when it comes to campus beautification through the educational gardens. “it won’t be traditionally beautiful in terms of a flower garden or a landscaped bed. but it adds a home beauty,” he says. “it provides a lot of good pollinators, which add beauty all over campus, and offers a color splash with the vegetables, too.” powell loves leading a dedicated and committed staff, as well as interacting with so many happy students and families during commencement on the quad. despite the amount of work that goes into the event each year, staff get a unique vantage point to this celebratory day.for johnson, it’s all about counting rings.“my favorite part is being able to get out and walk around campus as often as possible. seeing a tree i know i planted 20 years ago, how big it’s grown and the impact that that is making.” .本文来源： 埃默里的工作原理：建设一个有吸引力的校园
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